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insert EOF statement before the last line of file

sed script to insert line after the last matching line in a fileSED: insert text after the last line?Using sed, how to format one word per line, removing white spaceremoving the last line of a file not working?insert patterns into text file after the last lineExpand Environment Variable from PIPE (SHELL)SED: insert something after the second last line?Using /dev/stdin and a heredoc to pass a file from the command lineInsert text N lines before the last lineSed Replace a pattern between a pattern and the end of file

2

I want to insert this

cat <<EOF >> /etc/security/limits.conf

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

into the second to last line of the file, before the # End of file line.

I know I could use other methods to insert this statement without the use of EOF but for visual candy I wanted to maintain this format as well for readability.

text-processing sed cat gnu

share|improve this question

edited 7 mins ago

Jeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

asked 33 mins ago

EliEli

1134

New contributor

Eli is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  The method above just appends to file. So without a tool that can recognize the # End of file line there's probably no better way to make it work. Such tool would be either awk or sed. I'd recommend a 2 step process: delete the line via sed -i '/# End of file/d' and then insert the data you want with # End of file added to original cat command you have there, or via third step - echo '# End of file' >> /etc/security/limits.conf.
  
  – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
  11 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Let me know if you want that as an answer and not just comment
  
  – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
  11 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

2

I want to insert this

cat <<EOF >> /etc/security/limits.conf

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

into the second to last line of the file, before the # End of file line.

I know I could use other methods to insert this statement without the use of EOF but for visual candy I wanted to maintain this format as well for readability.

text-processing sed cat gnu

share|improve this question

edited 7 mins ago

Jeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

asked 33 mins ago

EliEli

1134

New contributor

Eli is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  The method above just appends to file. So without a tool that can recognize the # End of file line there's probably no better way to make it work. Such tool would be either awk or sed. I'd recommend a 2 step process: delete the line via sed -i '/# End of file/d' and then insert the data you want with # End of file added to original cat command you have there, or via third step - echo '# End of file' >> /etc/security/limits.conf.
  
  – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
  11 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Let me know if you want that as an answer and not just comment
  
  – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
  11 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

I want to insert this

cat <<EOF >> /etc/security/limits.conf

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

into the second to last line of the file, before the # End of file line.

I know I could use other methods to insert this statement without the use of EOF but for visual candy I wanted to maintain this format as well for readability.

text-processing sed cat gnu

share|improve this question

edited 7 mins ago

Jeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

asked 33 mins ago

EliEli

1134

New contributor

Eli is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

cat <<EOF >> /etc/security/limits.conf

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

share|improve this question

edited 7 mins ago

Jeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

asked 33 mins ago

EliEli

1134

New contributor

Eli is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

share|improve this question

edited 7 mins ago

Jeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

asked 33 mins ago

EliEli

1134

New contributor

Eli is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

edited 7 mins ago

Jeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

edited 7 mins ago

Jeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

asked 33 mins ago

EliEli

1134

New contributor

Eli is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

asked 33 mins ago

EliEli

1134

2 Answers
2

active

oldest

votes

2

To keep the same sort of here-document format and to insert the given text immediately before the last line of the file, try ed!

ed -s /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

$ i

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

.

wq

EOF

This sends a sequence of commands to ed, all in a here-document. We address the last line in the file with $ and say that we would like to insert some text. The text follows, just as in your example; once we're done with the inserted text, we tell ed we're done with a single period (.). Write the file back to disk and then quit.

If you wanted to collapse the $ i to $i you'd want to escape the dollar sign or use a quoted here-document (ed -s input << 'EOF' ...) to prevent $i from expanding to the current vale of the i variable or empty if there's no such variable set.

share

answered 9 mins ago

Jeff SchallerJeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

add a comment | 

3

You can use ex (which is a mode of the vi editor) to accomplish this.

You can use the :read command to insert the contents into the file. That command takes a filename, but you can use the /dev/stdin pseudo-device to read from standard input, which allows you to use a <<EOF marker.

The :read command also takes a range, and you can use the $- symbol, which breaks down into $, which indicates the last line of the file, and - to subtract one from it, getting to the second to last line of the file. (You could use $-1 as well.)

Putting it all together:

$ ex -s /etc/security/limits.conf -c '$-r /dev/stdin' -c 'wq' <<EOF

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

The -s is to make it silent (not switch into visual mode, which would make the screen blink.) The $-r is abbreviated (a full $-1read would have worked as well) and finally the wq is how you write and quit in vi. :-)

share|improve this answer

answered 10 mins ago

filbrandenfilbranden

10k21645

add a comment | 

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2

To keep the same sort of here-document format and to insert the given text immediately before the last line of the file, try ed!

ed -s /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

$ i

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

.

wq

EOF

This sends a sequence of commands to ed, all in a here-document. We address the last line in the file with $ and say that we would like to insert some text. The text follows, just as in your example; once we're done with the inserted text, we tell ed we're done with a single period (.). Write the file back to disk and then quit.

If you wanted to collapse the $ i to $i you'd want to escape the dollar sign or use a quoted here-document (ed -s input << 'EOF' ...) to prevent $i from expanding to the current vale of the i variable or empty if there's no such variable set.

share

answered 9 mins ago

Jeff SchallerJeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

add a comment | 

2

To keep the same sort of here-document format and to insert the given text immediately before the last line of the file, try ed!

ed -s /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

$ i

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

.

wq

EOF

This sends a sequence of commands to ed, all in a here-document. We address the last line in the file with $ and say that we would like to insert some text. The text follows, just as in your example; once we're done with the inserted text, we tell ed we're done with a single period (.). Write the file back to disk and then quit.

If you wanted to collapse the $ i to $i you'd want to escape the dollar sign or use a quoted here-document (ed -s input << 'EOF' ...) to prevent $i from expanding to the current vale of the i variable or empty if there's no such variable set.

share

answered 9 mins ago

Jeff SchallerJeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

add a comment | 

To keep the same sort of here-document format and to insert the given text immediately before the last line of the file, try ed!

ed -s /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

$ i

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

.

wq

EOF

This sends a sequence of commands to ed, all in a here-document. We address the last line in the file with $ and say that we would like to insert some text. The text follows, just as in your example; once we're done with the inserted text, we tell ed we're done with a single period (.). Write the file back to disk and then quit.

If you wanted to collapse the $ i to $i you'd want to escape the dollar sign or use a quoted here-document (ed -s input << 'EOF' ...) to prevent $i from expanding to the current vale of the i variable or empty if there's no such variable set.

share

answered 9 mins ago

Jeff SchallerJeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

ed -s /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

$ i

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

.

wq

EOF

share

answered 9 mins ago

Jeff SchallerJeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

answered 9 mins ago

Jeff SchallerJeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

answered 9 mins ago

Jeff SchallerJeff Schaller

42.8k1159136

3

You can use ex (which is a mode of the vi editor) to accomplish this.

You can use the :read command to insert the contents into the file. That command takes a filename, but you can use the /dev/stdin pseudo-device to read from standard input, which allows you to use a <<EOF marker.

The :read command also takes a range, and you can use the $- symbol, which breaks down into $, which indicates the last line of the file, and - to subtract one from it, getting to the second to last line of the file. (You could use $-1 as well.)

Putting it all together:

$ ex -s /etc/security/limits.conf -c '$-r /dev/stdin' -c 'wq' <<EOF

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

The -s is to make it silent (not switch into visual mode, which would make the screen blink.) The $-r is abbreviated (a full $-1read would have worked as well) and finally the wq is how you write and quit in vi. :-)

share|improve this answer

answered 10 mins ago

filbrandenfilbranden

10k21645

add a comment | 

3

You can use ex (which is a mode of the vi editor) to accomplish this.

You can use the :read command to insert the contents into the file. That command takes a filename, but you can use the /dev/stdin pseudo-device to read from standard input, which allows you to use a <<EOF marker.

The :read command also takes a range, and you can use the $- symbol, which breaks down into $, which indicates the last line of the file, and - to subtract one from it, getting to the second to last line of the file. (You could use $-1 as well.)

Putting it all together:

$ ex -s /etc/security/limits.conf -c '$-r /dev/stdin' -c 'wq' <<EOF

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

The -s is to make it silent (not switch into visual mode, which would make the screen blink.) The $-r is abbreviated (a full $-1read would have worked as well) and finally the wq is how you write and quit in vi. :-)

share|improve this answer

answered 10 mins ago

filbrandenfilbranden

10k21645

add a comment | 

You can use ex (which is a mode of the vi editor) to accomplish this.

You can use the :read command to insert the contents into the file. That command takes a filename, but you can use the /dev/stdin pseudo-device to read from standard input, which allows you to use a <<EOF marker.

The :read command also takes a range, and you can use the $- symbol, which breaks down into $, which indicates the last line of the file, and - to subtract one from it, getting to the second to last line of the file. (You could use $-1 as well.)

Putting it all together:

$ ex -s /etc/security/limits.conf -c '$-r /dev/stdin' -c 'wq' <<EOF

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

The -s is to make it silent (not switch into visual mode, which would make the screen blink.) The $-r is abbreviated (a full $-1read would have worked as well) and finally the wq is how you write and quit in vi. :-)

share|improve this answer

answered 10 mins ago

filbrandenfilbranden

10k21645

$ ex -s /etc/security/limits.conf -c '$-r /dev/stdin' -c 'wq' <<EOF

*    soft     nproc       65535    

*    hard     nproc       65535   

*    soft     nofile      65535   

*    hard     nofile      65535

root soft     nproc       65535

root hard     nproc       65535

root soft     nofile      65535

root hard     nofile      65535

EOF

share|improve this answer

answered 10 mins ago

filbrandenfilbranden

10k21645

answered 10 mins ago

filbrandenfilbranden

10k21645

answered 10 mins ago

filbrandenfilbranden

10k21645