Sfrgttk

I need to remove a database from a PostgreSQL DB cluster. How can I do it even if there are active connections? I need sort of a -force flag, that will drop all connections and then the DB.

How can I implement it?

I'm using dropdb currently, but other tools are possible.

In PostgreSQL^*, you cannot drop a database while clients are connected to it.

At least, not with the dropdb utility - which is only a simple wrapper around DROP DATABASE server query.

Quite robust workaround follows:

Connect to your server as superuser, using psql or other client. Do not use the database you want to drop.

psql -h localhost postgres postgres

Now using plain database client you can force drop database using three simple steps:

1. 
   

   Make sure no one can connect to this database. You can use one of following methods (the second seems safer, but does not prevent connections from superusers).

   
   
   

   /* Method 1: update system catalog */
   
   UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = 'false' WHERE datname = 'mydb';
   
   
   
   /* Method 2: use ALTER DATABASE. Superusers still can connect!
   
   ALTER DATABASE mydb CONNECTION LIMIT 0; */
   
   

   
   


2. 
   

   Force disconnection of all clients connected to this database, using pg_terminate_backend.

   
   
   

   SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid)
   
   FROM pg_stat_activity
   
   WHERE datname = 'mydb';
   
   
   
   /* For old versions of PostgreSQL (up to 9.1), change pid to procpid:
   
   
   
   SELECT pg_terminate_backend(procpid)
   
   FROM pg_stat_activity
   
   WHERE datname = 'mydb'; */
   
   

   
   


3. 
   

   Drop the database.

   
   
   

   DROP DATABASE mydb;
   
   

   
   

Step 1 requires superuser privileges for the 1st method, and database owner privileges for the 2nd one. Step 2 requires superuser privileges. Step 3 requires database owner privilege.

^{* _{This applies to all versions of PostgreSQL, up to version 11.}}

There is a way to do this with the shell utilities dropdb & pg_ctl (or pg_ctlcluster in Debian and derivates). But @filiprem's method is superior for several reasons:

• It only disconnects users from the database in question.


• It does not need to restart the whole cluster.


• It prevents immediate reconnects, possibly spoiling the dropdb command.

I quote man pg_ctlcluster:

With the --force option the "fast" mode is used which rolls back all active transactions, disconnects clients immediately and thus shuts down cleanly. If that does not work, shutdown is attempted again in "immediate" mode, which can leave the cluster in an inconsistent state and thus will lead to a recovery run at the next start. If this still does not help, the postmaster process is killed. Exits with 0 on success, with 2 if the server is not running, and with 1 on other failure conditions. This mode should only be used when the machine is about to be shut down.

pg_ctlcluster 9.1 main restart --force

or

pg_ctl restart -D datadir -m fast

or

pg_ctl restart -D datadir -m immediate

immediately followed by:

dropdb mydb

Possibly in a script for immediate succession.

Using @filiprem's answer in a my case and simplifying it:

-- Connecting to the current user localhost's postgres instance

psql



-- Making sure the database exists

SELECT * from pg_database where datname = 'my_database_name'



-- Disallow new connections

UPDATE pg_database SET datallowconn = 'false' WHERE datname = 'my_database_name';

ALTER DATABASE my_database_name CONNECTION LIMIT 1;



-- Terminate existing connections

SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid) FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE datname = 'my_database_name';



-- Drop database

DROP DATABASE my_database_name

If you're on something like RDS where connections without a database selected put you into the DB you asked to be created by default you can do this variant to get around yourself being the last open connection.

 DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS temporary_db_that_shouldnt_exist; 



 CREATE DATABASE temporary_db_that_shouldnt_exist with OWNER your_user; 



 connect temporary_db_that_shouldnt_exist 

 SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pid) FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE datname = 'the_db_you_want_removed'; 





 DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS the_db_you_want_removed; 

 -- 

 -- Name: the_db_you_want_removed; Type: DATABASE; Schema: -; Owner: your_user 

 -- 



 CREATE DATABASE savings_champion WITH TEMPLATE = template0 ENCODING = 'UTF8' LC_COLLATE = 'en_US.UTF-8' LC_CTYPE = 'en_US.UTF-8'; 





 ALTER DATABASE the_db_you_want_removed OWNER TO your_user; 



 connect the_db_you_want_removed 



 DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS temporary_db_that_shouldnt_exist;